Marseille

Marseille est la préfecture des Bouches du Rhône est le chef-lieu de la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. Cette commune qui s'étend sur 240 km², les Marseillais et Marseillaise au nombre de 807 871. C'est la première implatation hurbaine Française crée en 600 avant Jésus Christ, pas des marins originaire de Phocée (Citée Phocéenne). Marseille est bordée par la Méditerranée à l'ouest, entre le massif de l'Estaque et le massif de l'Étoile au nord, le Garlaban à l'est, le massif de Saint-Cyr et le mont Puget au sud-est et le massif de Marseilleveyre au sud. Elle abrite le club de football le plus titré, l'Olympique de Marseille (OM).

Géolocalisation sur la carte : Bouches-du-Rhñne

Géolocalisation sur la carte : Bouches-du-Rhñne

Géolocalisation sur la carte : France

Géolocalisation sur la carte : France

Marseille (/mɑːrˈseɪ/ mar-SAY, French: [maʁsɛj] (listen), locally [mɑχˈsɛjə] (listen); also spelled in English as Marseilles; Provençal: Marselha [maʀˈsejɔ, -ˈsijɔ]) is the second largest city in France after Paris. The main city of the historical province of Provence, it is the prefecture of the department of Bouches-du-Rhñne and region of Provence-Alpes-Cñte d'Azur. It is located on the Mediterranean coast near the mouth of the Rhñne. The city covers an area of 241 km² (93 sq mi) and had a population of 870,018 in 2016.^[1] Its metropolitan area, which extends over 3,173 km² (1,225 sq mi) is the third-largest in France after those of Paris and Lyon, with a population of 1,831,500 as of 2010.^[3]

Known to the ancient Greeks and Romans as Massalia^[4] (Greek: Μασσαλία, romanized: Massalìa),^[5][6] Marseille was an important European trading centre and remains the main commercial port of the French Republic. Marseille is now France's largest city on the Mediterranean coast and the largest port for commerce, freight and cruise ships. The city was European Capital of Culture in 2013 and European Capital of Sport in 2017; it hosted matches at the 1998 World Cup and Euro 2016. It is home to Aix-Marseille University.

Marseille is the second-largest city in France after Paris and the centre of the third-largest metropolitan area in France after Paris and Lyon. To the east, starting in the small fishing village of Callelongue on the outskirts of Marseille and stretching as far as Cassis, are the Calanques, a rugged coastal area interspersed with small fjord-like inlets. Farther east still are the Sainte-Baume (a 1,147 m (3,763 ft) mountain ridge rising from a forest of deciduous trees), the city of Toulon and the French Riviera. To the north of Marseille, beyond the low Garlaban and Etoile mountain ranges, is the 1,011 m (3,317 ft) Mont Sainte Victoire. To the west of Marseille is the former artists' colony of l'Estaque; farther west are the Cñte Bleue, the Gulf of Lion and the Camargue region in the Rhñne delta. The airport lies to the north west of the city at Marignane on the Etang de Berre.^[7]

The city's main thoroughfare (the wide boulevard called the Canebière) stretches eastward from the Old Port to the Réformés quarter. Two large forts flank the entrance to the Old Port—Fort Saint-Nicolas on the south side and Fort Saint-Jean on the north. Farther out in the Bay of Marseille is the Frioul archipelago which comprises four islands, one of which, If, is the location of Château d'If, made famous by the Dumas novel The Count of Monte Cristo. The main commercial centre of the city intersects with the Canebière at Rue St Ferréol and the Centre Bourse (one of the city's main shopping malls). The centre of Marseille has several pedestrianised zones, most notably Rue St Ferréol, Cours Julien near the Music Conservatory, the Cours Honoré-d'Estienne-d'Orves off the Old Port and the area around the Hñtel de Ville. To the south east of central Marseille in the 6th arrondissement are the Prefecture and the monumental fountain of Place Castellane, an important bus and metro interchange. To the south west are the hills of the 7th and 8th arrondissements, dominated by the basilica of Notre-Dame de la Garde. Marseille's main railway station—Gare de Marseille Saint-Charles—is north of the Centre Bourse in the 1st arrondissement; it is linked by the Boulevard d'Athènes to the Canebière.^[7]